Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis. Levels vary on a diurnal basis (higher in the morning) and are increased during pregnancy. HIGH levels of PAI-1 are observed in arterial thrombosis (myocardial infarction), inflammation and metabolic disorders (e.g. hypertriglyceridemia and hyperinsulinemia). Levels are also increased in a number of circumstances which are associated with venous thrombosis, including obesity, cancer and post-operative convalescence. See also Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA), Plasma
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