C3 plays a role in both the classical and alternative pathway of complement. The C3 convertase of the classical pathway has the ability to cleave several C3 molecules into two fragments, C3a and C3b, forming hundreds of fragments. C3a fragments play a role in inducing an inflammatory response, while the C3b binds C3 convertase forming C5 convertase, which catalyzes the cleavage of C5 complement component, and eventually resulting in the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). Unlike the classical pathway, the alternative pathway does not require antibody for its activation. Rather, a variety of antigens have the ability to activate this pathway. The alternative pathway produces both a C3 and a C5 convertase which leads to the production of C5b and then to the formation of the MAC. For more on the classical pathway, refer to C1q, First Component of Complement, Serum.
Allow specimen to clot at room temperature. Separate serum from cells ASAP For alternative sample type, call the chemistry department
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