Antibodies against nucleosomes are found in 76% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). These Abs have an important predictive value as they appear at an earlier stage than anti-dsDNA.

Antibodies against dsDNA are found in 88% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). These antibodies represent the diagnostic markers for SLE according to ACR criteria.

Antibodies against histones are found in 74% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 95% in patients withMedication-Induced Lupus Erythematosus, and also in 15 – 50% of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Antibodies against Sm are found in 10-40% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). These antibodies have very high specificity of 99%.

Antibodies against RNP are found in 40-60% of patients with Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD, also known as Sharp Syndrome). These antibodies have 100% specificity to the disease.

Antibodies to Sm/RNP are found in patients with Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD, Sharp Syndrome) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Antibodies against SS-A/Ro are found in 40-80% of patients with Sjögren's Syndrome, in 50% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and in 90% of patients with Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus. These antibodies are also found in patients with Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.

Antibodies against Scl-70 are found in 60% of patients with Sclerdoderma. They are highly specific for the disease.

Antibodies against Ku are found in 5-25% of patients with Polymyositis/Scleroderma Overlap Syndrome.

Antibodies against PM-Scl 100 are found in 20-25% of patients with Polymyositis/Scleroderma Overlap Syndrome. A reliable marker for Juvenile Scleromyositis.

Antibodies against Mi-2 are found in 25-35% of patients with Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis. Positive patients tend to have good prognosis.

Antibodies against Jo-1 are found in 60% of patients with Myositis and Fibrosing Alveolitisand in 30% of patients with Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis.

Antibodies against PL-7 are found in 17% of patients with Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis.

Antibodies against PL-12 are found in 3-6% of patients with Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis.

Antibodies against SRP 54 are found in 30% of patients with Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis. These antibodies are highly specific for polymyositis.

Antibodies against Ribosomal P Protein are found in 10-35% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and have a high specificity of 99%.

Antibodies against CENP-A/B are usually associated with CREST Syndrome, and their prevalence is 57 – 82%.

Antibodies against Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen are found in 3% of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) but are highly specific to the disease.

Antibodies against sp100 are found in 27% of patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). This antigen is of importance in assessing PBC patients negative for mitochondrial antibodies.

Antibodies against gp210 are found in 10-25% of patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). This antigen is of importance in assessing PBC patients negative formitochondrial antibodies.

Antibodies against mitochondrial antigens are found in 95% of patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis.

Antibodies against mitochondrial native PDC are found in 95% of patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis.

Antibodies against F-actin are found in 25% of patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis type 1. These antibodies are the main component of the broad family of Smooth Muscle Abs (SMA).